Strictly speaking, a clock is an automaton. The notion of an artificial human figure—an ‘android’ as it has come to

Strictly speaking, a clock is an automaton. The notion of an artificial human figure—an ‘android’ as it has come to be called—derives in part from the tradition of the striking jack in the great medieval town clocks, in which the hour would be sounded by a mechanical figure springing into motion with a hammer and gong. That this employment once fell to a living person, the town watchman, suggests that here were our first labor-saving robots.

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